Small-Scale Wind Power Application Solutions for Islands

Small-Scale Wind Power Application Solutions for Islands

I. Core Challenges and Selection Considerations

The unique environment of islands necessitates the selection of wind turbines to address the harsh conditions of high salt spray, strong corrosion, and frequent typhoons.

Corrosion-resistant design is key:

Materials: Wind turbines with heavy-duty anti-corrosion treatment must be selected. Key components (such as blades and towers) should use fiberglass reinforced composite materials, stainless steel, or hot-dip galvanized steel.

Protection Rating: The protection rating of the motor and controller should reach IP65 (dustproof and waterproof) or higher, and bearings must use special seals.

Adaptability to Island Wind Conditions:

Select a low-wind-speed start-up type: Wind speeds on islands may be unstable; models with a start-up wind speed ≤ 3 m/s should be selected.

Typhoon Resistance: The wind turbine must have a reliable automatic yaw avoidance or mechanical braking system, and the maximum survivable wind speed should be able to withstand impacts of 50 m/s (approximately Force 15) or higher.

Recommended Type: Vertical axis wind turbines are often the preferred choice due to their simple structure and strong resistance to turbulence and typhoons. High-efficiency, low-wind-speed horizontal axis wind turbines are also acceptable, but their wind resistance mechanism must be absolutely reliable.

II. Installation and System Design Considerations

Site Selection and Foundation: Choose a high point on the island with stable wind direction and minimal obstruction, such as a gently sloping hilltop.

The foundation must be extremely robust, typically using a large-volume reinforced concrete foundation, possibly requiring ground anchoring to prevent overturning during typhoons.

Tower height must balance wind resources and safety, generally recommended to be 6-12 meters, with multiple guy wires for secure anchoring.

Power System Matching: Energy storage is key: Sufficient capacity battery banks (such as deep-cycle lead-acid or lithium batteries) must be configured to store electrical energy during high winds, addressing power needs during windless periods and ensuring continuous power supply.

Wind-Solar Hybridization Recommended: Pairing with solar photovoltaic panels to form a wind-solar hybrid system can significantly improve power supply stability and reliability.

Controller: Use a wind-solar hybrid intelligent controller to automatically manage charging and discharging, protecting the batteries. III. Maintenance and Safety

Daily Inspection: Regularly (e.g., monthly) check fasteners for loosening due to vibration and observe the blade surface for salt deposits or damage.

Regular Maintenance: Every six months or after a strong typhoon, conduct a comprehensive inspection of mechanical fasteners, lubrication, and electrical insulation.

Lightning Protection: Island areas are prone to thunderstorms; wind turbines and towers must be equipped with a complete lightning protection and grounding system.

Summary: For islands, small wind turbines are selected. Corrosion resistance, typhoon resistance, and a reliable energy storage system are the three cornerstones. Prioritize models specifically designed for marine environments and ensure secure installation to achieve safe and sustainable power supply to the islands.